• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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  • 引用文献
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    • 专利摘要:
    Microwave switching and filtering device. A solution aimed at the field of telecommunications is described in this document. The object of the invention detailed herein is a device that allows filtering and switching by making use of a series of modified tuning elements that allow to cancel the activity of at least one resonator in which they are located. This allows, selectively, to cancel one or more resonators, resonant cavities, allowing the same resonant cavity to act as part of a filter or a switch by disabling the filter completely. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2688214A1
    申请号:ES201830514
    申请日:2018-05-30
    公开日:2018-10-31
    发明作者:Marco Guglielmi；Vicente Enrique BORIA ESBERT；Javier OSSORIO GARCÍA；Joaquín VAGUE CARDONA
    申请人:Universidad Politecnica de Valencia；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    MICROWAVE FILTERING AND SWITCHING DEVICE
    5 OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The object of the invention is framed in the technical field of physics.
    More specifically, the object of the invention is framed in telecommunications and
    10 is aimed at telecommunications satellites, especially passive components for communications payloads. However, the invention can be used in any application that requires the use of filters and / or switches (including frequency selective behavior). 15 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Modern communication systems for terrestrial and space applications require microwave hardware with increasing flexibility. In particular, microwave switches and filters are key components for the networks of
    20 input and output of modern communication systems. Today, the switching is carried out primarily by a switching device, which is followed by a filter to carry out the filtering process, both being separated.
    Microwave filters are usually manufactured using guide sections of
    25 metal waves short-circuited as resonators, which are coupled to each other with openings in adjacent walls.
    The tuning elements (screws) of the filter are typically inserted in the center of each cavity screwed into the upper wall of the resonator. The penetration of
    The tuning element inside the cavity is adjusted to set the resonance frequency of the resonators to the required value. After tuning, the tuning element is secured by tightening a lock nut against the outer metal surface of the filter. As for the switch, mechanical switches are usually used whose rotation allows adjustment to the desired output.


    Today, a wide variety of microwave filters are manufactured using metal waveguides as resonators, which are coupled to each other by openings in their adjacent walls, to give rise, for example, to an implementation of the rectangular waveguide filter.
    5 Modern communications systems for terrestrial and space applications require microwave hardware with increasing flexibility; in particular tunable equipment such as reconfigurable microwave filters, making it necessary to tune or tune a resonant cavity or a coupling between two two resonators.
    Document EP0035922A refers to a waveguide filter with capacitive tuning elements comprising a hollow element, and a mobile threaded element that threadedly penetrates the cavity of the fixed element (whose
    15 position is fixed with a nut). The movable element is hollow, and another element can be displaced by sliding or thread capable of being introduced into the fixed element at greater depth.
    US4001737A discloses a resonant cavity at tunable frequency;
    20 which consists of a threaded screw in the central position of the upper cover of the cavity, through which an elongated bushing of greater length is threaded, fixing its position. A sliding rod is displaced inside the bushing, which can also pass through the barrel and its position is fixed with a locking nut.
    Document WO2010027310A1 describes a reconfigurable filter composed of a set of passive filter sections in parallel connected to the input and output ports via manifolds. Each section with its respective pass band can be deactivated.
    30 In the document "Generalized Multiport Waveguide Switches Based on Multiple Short-Circuit Loads in Power-Divider Junctions", Jorge A. Ruiz-Cruz, Mohamed M. Fahmi, and Raafat R. Mansour, IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, vol . 59, no. 12, December 2011, pp 3347-3355; a multiport waveguide switching device based on short circuit loads is detailed Switching is achieved
    35 by actuating short circuit and open circuit loads in the waveguide path of a ridge or riddle waveguide, eliminating the need for bulky rotors, which are typically used in waveguide switches


    conventional. From this concept, this article presents a complete class of unipolar switches. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    5In one aspect of the object of the invention it allows two devices to be implemented in a single device.functions that, as can be seen from reading the previous section, up tonow it is carried out by implementing with different devicesseparated, said functions being filtering and switching microwaves; being the object of
    The invention based on the use of a Tuning and Detuning Pin (TDP) element. Tuning and Detuning Pin (TDP), or tuning elements (bolts or screws) of the filter, are typically inserted in the center of each cavity. The penetration of the tuning element into the cavity is adjusted to set the resonance frequency of the resonators to the required value. After tuning, the tuning element
    15 is secured by tightening a lock nut against the outer metal surface of the filter. Using the TDP, the same resonant cavity can be operated as part of a filter, or to disable the filter completely.
    The object of the second aspect of the invention integrates in a single device two
    20 functions, on the one hand, the filter function and on the other that of the microwave switch that acts as a switch. In addition, the object of the invention can be operated manually or electrically, thus extending the range of application to satellite payloads and remotely controlled hardware for ground applications. Therefore, you have an element that is compact, saving space and resources, since it does not
    25, the implementation of two separate elements is required to carry out the two functions described. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. in which, by way of illustration and not limitation, the following has been represented:


    Figure 1 shows a schematic view in which a preferred embodiment of the object of the invention can be seen, in which the filter switching device is in an arrangement in which it behaves at the same time as a three-pole filter and as a 1 to 3 or SPTT (Single Pole Triple Throw) switch. This schematic view looks
    5 accompanied by a graph in which the simulated performance of thepreferred embodiment of the solution proposed by the object of the invention.
    Figure 2.- Shows a diagram showing the structure of the modified tuning pin (MTP) that has its tuning member, the pin or pin with a
    10 length greater than the length of the inner wall of the element in which it is inserted, thus allowing contact with the wall of the resonator thus causing a short circuit that disables the resonator.
    Figure 3.- Shows a schematic view in which an alternative embodiment is appreciated.
    15 of the object of the invention, in which the filter switching device is held in a multi-lead waveguide switch based on the use of MTPs together with microwave filters connected to a manifold (or "manifold") of guide waves. Said schematic view is accompanied by a graph in which the simulated performance of the proposed solution is appreciated in this alternative embodiment of the object of the
    20 invention. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    As can be seen in figure 1, the switching device and microwave filter
    The object of a second aspect of the invention can work both as a switch, in this case as a 1P3T switch, and as a filter, in this case a three-pole filter. As can be seen in said figure 1, as we can see in the structure on the left, the input waveguides (21) and output waveguides
    (22) which are waveguide resonators (rectangular in a possible embodiment)
    30 but which can be selected interchangeably from: rectangular, circular, coaxial, coplanar, with microtire and metal loaded with dielectric material) connected to an additional central resonator (3) with inductive openings. In addition, there is a central resonator (3) that has a traditional adjustment pin in its center. The other three resonators (23) or branching cavities have in their
    35 centers a modified tuning element (4) object of a first aspect of the invention which is modified as shown in figure 2, where


    It is appreciated that said modified tuning element (4) has a configuration based on a hollow screw (44) having a central through hole (45) along its longitudinal axis, and having a threaded outer face (43) corresponding to the outer face of the bolt that starts from the head of the hollow screw 5 (44) intended to be screwed into a fixing nut (42). This configuration allows the hollow screw (44) to be inserted and fixed inside a resonator (23). The tuning of the resonator (23) is carried out by inserting the hollow screw (44) of tuning; which by inserting and depending on parameters such as thicknesses, insertion distance, etc., allows the tuning of the resonator
    10 (23), as is already known.
    However, the modified tuning element (4) has a hole (45) that is through, therefore, since the length of the bolt (41) is greater than the length of the through hole (45) of the hollow screw (44) ), the bolt (41) can move through the
    15 inside this until contacting the wall of the resonator (23), thus causing a short circuit that cancels the activity of the resonator (23).
    In this way the bolt (41) of the modified tuning element must be
    (4) allows two states: one tuned state, and another in short circuit mode in the
    20 that the bolt (41) contacts the bottom wall of the resonator cavity (23). The tuned state is obtained by removing the bolt (41) and using the nut (42) and hollow screw assembly (44) with its external thread to properly tune the cavity, while the second state is obtained by inserting the bolt (41) until that touches the bottom wall of the resonator (23), the bottom, so that the resonator (23) is
    25 completely untunes and, as a consequence, is no longer resonant.
    Returning to the structure shown in Figure 1, we observe that the branch cavity connected to the outlet 3 and the corresponding opening have their respective modified tuning elements (4) with the bolt (41) in the tuned position 30. The other two branch cavities (ports 2 and 4) and the corresponding coupling openings have their respective bolts (41) of the modified tuning elements (4) in the de-tuned position. In this way, the input and output waveguides have to be rectangular guides connected to resonators by inductive openings. In addition, a central resonator provided with a standard tuning element, that is without a bolt (41), is located in the


    center; while the other three resonators (derivation cavities) of the structure have modified tuning elements (4) located in their centers.
    In addition, the three openings connected to the central cavities also have5 respective modified tuning elements (4) located in their respectivecenters
    The path from the entrance to the input port, port 1 in figure 1, to any of the other three output ports, always goes through three resonators
    10 sequential (once the bolts (41) of the modified tuning elements (4) have been properly positioned).
    Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the object of the invention, the bypass cavity connected to the outlet 3, and the corresponding opening, have their bolts
    15 (41) of the modified tuning elements (4) in the tuned position. The other two bypass cavities (ports 2 and 4) and the corresponding openings, have their bolts (41) of the modified tuning elements (4) in the de-tuned position.
    20 With this configuration we obtain the simulated performance shown in the graph on the right side of Figure 1. As we can see, the behavior from port 1 to port 3 is the same as that of a standard 3-pole filter. The power from port 1 to ports 2 and 4 suffers more than 70 dB of attenuation. The power of port 2 to 4 (and vice versa) suffers more than 130 dB of attenuation.
    25 If more attenuation is desired in any of the directions, more cavities can simply be added. Changing the configuration of the fork cavities (and the coupling openings) changes the output port that is connected to the input, obtaining exactly the same three-pole filter performance.
    30 It is important to note that the three fork cavities and related openings can be individually adjusted to obtain the desired tuned performance. While one branch is tuned, the other branches have their bolts (41) of the modified tuning elements (4) in the tuned position. The resonator
    35 central, on the other hand, is tuned only once.


    In an alternative possible embodiment of the object of the invention there is an extension of the concept detailed in the preferred embodiment. This extension refers to a multi-lead waveguide switch based on the use of bolts.
    (41) of the modified tuning elements (4) together with microwave filters
    5 connected to a manifold (or “manifold”) of waveguide. Figure 3 shows the structure and simulated behavior of a SPTT (Single Pole Triple Throw) switch, based on the use of three identical filters connected to a collector. As can be seen in figure 3, only the filter connected to port 2 has the corresponding bolts (41) of the modified tuning elements (4) in the
    10 position tuned. The other two (ports 3 and 4) have the bolts (41) of the modified tuning elements (4) adjusted to de-tune the input opening on the manifold side, as well as the first of the resonators (23) and the second coupling openings. With this setting, ports 1 and 2 behave like a standard four-pole filter, while all other ports show more
    15 of 100 dB of attenuation. It is important to keep in mind that this behavior is obtained using only three modified tuning elements (4) in each filter. If more modified tuning elements (4) were used, the level of attenuation will probably be further increased.
    In possible more alternative embodiments of the object of the invention, it is envisaged to add more filters to the manifold, thereby obtaining a filter-switch with more than three positions.
    Finally, in possible even more alternative embodiments of the object of the
    The invention provided with a collector, it is envisaged to use filters with different bandwidths. In doing so, you get a device that can be used to remotely change the bandwidth of a given communication channel.
    In any of the possible embodiments of the object of the invention, each bolt (41)
    30 of the modified tuning elements (4) can be operated remotely, such that by means of electro mechanical means the bolt (41) can be moved along the inside of the through hole (45) of the modified tuning elements (4) ); so that when the bolt (41) contacts the resonator (23) it causes a short circuit between the lower and the upper wall of the resonator (23), leaving the
    35 resonator (23) inactive. This can be done by means of a motor or actuator that allows the longitudinal displacement of the pin (41).

    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]

    1. Microwave filtering and switching device (1) comprising input waveguides (21) and output guides (22) with corresponding ports of
    5 input (211) and output (221), which are connected to respective resonators (23), which are defined as bypass cavities connected to a central resonator (3); the device being characterized in that each respective resonator (23) comprises a modified tuning element
    (4) which in turn includes:
    10 a. a hollow screw (44) having a central through hole (45) along its longitudinal axis, and having a threaded outer face (43) corresponding to the outer face of the bolt that starts from the hollow screw head (44 ) intended to be screwed into a fixing nut (42), intended to allow the insertion and fixing of the hollow screw (44)
    15 inside a resonator (23), and
    b. a bolt (41) of length greater than the length of the hole (45) through the hollow screw (44), and inserted at least partially therein, said bolt (41) being configured to move along the hole
    (45) until contacting the wall of the resonator (23) causing a short circuit that cancels the activity of the resonator (23).
    [2]
    2. Microwave filtering and switching device (1) comprising resonators (23), which are defined as bypass cavities connected to a collector, the device being characterized in that each respective resonator
    25 (23) comprises a modified tuning pin (MTP).
    [3]
    3. Microwave filtering and switching device according to claim 1 characterized in that the modified tuning element (4) is located respectively in the center of each resonator (23).
    [4]
    4. Microwave filtering and switching device according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that it comprises an input port (211) and three output ports (221), wherein the resonator (23) corresponding to the output waveguide (22 ) in which at least one of the output ports (221) is defined, has
    35 its resonator (23) with the bolt (41) of the modified tuning element (4) in the tuned position; while the other two output ports (221) have

    its resonator (21) with the bolt (41) of the modified tuning element (4) in the tuned position.
    [5]
    5. Microwave filtering and switching device according to any one of the
    5 previous claims characterized in that the waveguides (21,22) arerectangular waveguides.
    [6]
    6. Microwave filtering and switching device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the waveguide guides
    10 waves (21,22) are connected to the central resonator (3) by inductive openings.
    [7]
    7. Microwave filtering and switching device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the waveguides (21,22) are
    15 select interchangeably from: rectangular, circular, coaxial, coplanar, with microtire and metal loaded with dielectric material.


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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2688214B2|2019-03-01|
    WO2019229282A1|2019-12-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4001737A|1975-10-24|1977-01-04|The United States Of America As Represented By The Field Operations Bureau Of The Federal Communications Commission|Cavity tuning assembly having coarse and fine tuning means|
    EP0035922A1|1980-03-04|1981-09-16|Thomson-Csf|Tuning device with variable capacity and tunable microwave filter with at least one such device|
    WO2010027310A1|2008-09-08|2010-03-11|Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson |A reconfigurable filter apparatus|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830514A|ES2688214B2|2018-05-30|2018-05-30|MICROWAVE FILTERING AND SWITCHING DEVICE|ES201830514A| ES2688214B2|2018-05-30|2018-05-30|MICROWAVE FILTERING AND SWITCHING DEVICE|
    PCT/ES2019/070351| WO2019229282A1|2018-05-30|2019-05-27|Device for filtering and switching microwaves|
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